The 18650 battery size is the unsung hero of our industry, although we seldom see it as we go about our daily lives. This is because it is small enough, and powerful enough to fit inside the mega-batteries that have become a feature of the renewable energy movement. Let’s spare a few moments to review these little miracles that do so much for us.
The Origin and Current Use of 18650 Battery Shapes
The 18650 battery size energizes many electronic devices, including electric vehicles and energy storage for home and utility grids. The name comes from the individual cell’s dimensions. These are 18 mm (0.71 inches) diameter by 65 mm (2.56 inches) long.
The actual voltage varies between chemistries, although it usually ranges between 3.6 and 3.7 volts. Japanese multinational Panasonic Holding Corporation first marketed the 18650 shape in 1994.
The Panasonic initiative appeared on the market as demand was increasing for smaller and lighter storage cells. Consumers were insisting on phone and laptop batteries that lasted longer between charges.
The commonest 18650 cells use lithium-ion chemistry, which currently delivers the greatest energy by volume. Although sodium-ion versions are beginning to appear, with potassium-ion options on the horizon too.
Current Applications for 18650 Cell Storage
We most commonly encounter the individual cells grouped together in 18650 batteries. These packs are assembled into larger units that power most electric vehicles, and provide renewable backup storage for utility-scale grids.
The battery cells also come pre-packed with battery management systems. These become increasingly important as cells age, start producing slightly different voltages, and may over and undercharge.
We encounter 18650 battery size packs in many consumer products in our busy lives. Wikipedia lists laptops, cordless power tools, electric cars, electric scooters, and most e-bikes. Although the number keeps on growing, and the list will perhaps never be complete.
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