The solid electrolyte in solid state batteries plays a critical role as the conduit for ions. However, this electrolyte resistance is greater than is the case with liquid electrolyte. For this reason, reducing resistance in solid state electrolyte has become a critical factor in the green revolution. We review a new porous ceramic membrane that appears to resolve this challenge.
Reducing Resistance in Solid State Electrolytes at McGill
Researchers at McGill University in Montreal, Canada claimed a significant advance on October 2, 2024 (see press release below). Their break through involves the long standing issue of resistance in solid-state batteries, at the point where the ceramic electrolyte interfaces with the electrodes.
This impedance to the smooth flow of ions reduces both battery efficiency, and the energy it delivers in volts.The McGill University solution lies in the following two-stage process:
- Create a porous ceramic membrane that replaces the traditional dense plate.
- Fill this porous ceramic membrane with a small amount of polymer material.
Using a polymer-filled porous membrane proved to be effective in reducing resistance in solid state batteries, Prof George Demopoulos explains. Our electrically conducting polymer allows lithium ions to move freely, and eliminates the interfacial resistance between the solid electrolyte and the electrodes.
“This not only improves the battery’s performance, but also creates a stable interface for high-voltage operation, one of the industry’s key goals.”
Towards the Next Generation of Safer Electric Vehicles
The lithium-ion batteries in the current generation of electric vehicles use liquid electrolytes. These battery components are flammable, and therefore pose a fire risk if they are damaged or malfunction.
Solid state batteries aim to replace this questionable material with a solid alternative. In theory, this modification should improve safety and efficiency. But in practice there has been resistance to ion flow at the electrode-electrolyte interface.
“This discovery brings us closer to building the next generation of safer and more efficient batteries for electric vehicles,” explains first author of the study, and PhD graduate Senhao Wang confidently. “That’s because the modification allows the ions to flow freely, which is what we need to move forward”.
More Information
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