Agriculture is the most important occupation in many parts of the world. People earn their living by agricultural practices. Technological advancement has provided modern methods of irrigation to the farmers. Proper irrigation of the fields is necessary for good crop production. Lack of rain and scarcity of water can affect crop production. In many parts of the world, ground water is decreasing due to continuous extraction of water from the ground. Land is becoming barren due to insufficient supply of water. In some areas, farmers suffer because they do not use the available water properly. A significant amount of water gets wasted due to improper use. Therefore, in many areas solar powered auto irrigation system is being introduced. This is an effective alternative for farmers. An initial investment has to be made to bear the energy crisis. This system derives power from sun energy through photo-voltaic cells. It helps to avoid dependency upon commercial power supply.
In this system, solar energy is used to operate the irrigation pump. There are sensor parts which have been built by using operational amplifier and its main purpose is to increase a weak signal. Two copper wires are inserted beneath the ground to sense the condition of the soil.
A microcontroller controls the whole system. It monitors the sensors. If the soil is dry, the microcontroller sends a command to relay driver IC to switch on the motor automatically. If the condition of the soil is wet, the motor will switch off automatically. The sensors beneath the soil help to regulate the flow of water and avoid overflooding of crops.
This system provides various benefits to the farmers. It is an alternative method of irrigation at the time of energy crisis. It also optimizes the use of water by reducing water wastage and there is no human intervention. Farmers can spend their time in other activities to enhance their crop production. The Solar Powered Auto Irrigation System is easy to install and is an environment friendly method of irrigating the field.
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