When we say, “That child is full of energy” what exactly do we mean? In physics, we define energy as the ability of a person, or an object to do something. However energy is all around us on the earth, in the universe, and in batteries too! It also exists inside our bodies. But first, let’s talk about the different types of energy we measure for there are quite a few.
The Different Types of Energy We Measure
- Potential Energy, like a glass of water waiting to be knocked over
- The Kinetic Energy in a baseball bat as the striker prepares to hit
- Chemical Energy in our blood-sugar that gives our muscles strength
- The Thermal Energy from molecules vibrating in a hot cup of soup
- Electrochemical Energy inside a battery waiting to power something
- The Electromagnetic Energy in the Sun we convert to solar power
- Sound Energy that activates our ear drums by expanding the air
- The Nuclear Energy in the Earth preventing our Planet going cold
- Electrical Energy in the atoms that we convert and store in batteries
How the Electrical Energy in Our Batteries Works
All matter in the Universe comprises the gathering of atoms into larger entities. But atoms in their turn contain positive protons, neutral neutrons, and negative electrons. The latter orbit around the core like the earth travels around the sun. Isn’t that an awesome thought!
Some larger entities, especially metals, have ‘rogue electrons’ that can spin out of orbit. If we apply an electric field to them, we can cause them to move to another atom. This how they exchange from one electrode to another when we charge, and discharge batteries.
Measuring Energy Using Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
Einstein’s equation E=mc2 is shorthand for “the energy intrinsically stored in a piece of matter at rest equals its mass times the speed of light squared.
This calculation produces huge numbers given the speed of light is 299 792 458 meters a second.
Imagine if we extracted all the energy in a dime. We could sell it for a million dollars! And that’s the true potential in the different types of energy we measure.
Related
Universal Energy Can We Feel It?
The Difference Between Energy and Power
Preview Image: Wairakei Geothermal Power Plant
