The second law of thermodynamics states that in a natural thermodynamic process, there is an increase in the sum of the entropies of the participating systems.
Thermodynamics
In physics, thermodynamics concerns heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. It defines macroscopic (large enough to be seen by the naked eye) variables, such as internal energy, entropy and pressure, that partly describe a body of matter or radiation.
Thermodynamic Process
A thermodynamic process is the energetic development of a thermodynamic system proceeding from an initial state to a final state. Paths through the space of thermodynamic variables are often specified by holding certain thermodynamic variables constant.
The second law is an empirical finding that has been accepted as an axiom of thermodynamic theory. In effect, the law defines the concept of thermodynamic entropy for a thermodynamic system in its own state of internal thermodynamic equilibrium. Statistical thermodynamics, classical or quantum, explains the law.
The second law indicates increases in entropy due to dissipation of energy and to dispersal of matter and energy. Chemical reactions may occur. Matter and energy may be transferred.
In each adiabatically separated compartment, the temperature becomes spatially homogeneous, even in the presence of the externally imposed unchanging external force field.
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