There’s a very small statistical chance of a lithium-ion battery overheating, to the point that it becomes dangerous. Many consumers have no idea what type of battery is inside their phone, wearable or other device. It’s probably safe to assume it is a lithium-ion one if it starts misbehaving. In this case, it can be handy to know what to do if a small battery overheats.
Why Some Lithium-Ion Batteries May Overheat
Lithium-ion batteries become warm when recharging, but they should not become hot to the touch when everything is in order. We can feel the temperature by touching the outside of the device they are in.
The Department of Fire and Emergency Services of Australia (DFES), suggests the following reasons could be behind a battery overheating:
- A defective battery charger, or overcharging a fully-charged battery.
- Exposing a battery to heat, e.g. leaving in a locked car on a hot day.
- Damaging a battery by dropping it, or exposing it to heavy vibrations.
- Anything that causes a battery to short circuit and release its power.
- Poor manufacturing standards, or contamination inside the case.
Some lithium-ion batteries sold on the internet do not meet acceptable safety standards. Avoid purchasing a cheap battery, even if you know what to do if a small battery overheats. We provide the information that follows in good faith.
What To Do If a Battery Starts Smoking or Burning
FOLLOW THIS LINK TO DEPARTMENT OF FIRE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES. STUDY THE SECTION: “ADVICE FOR SMALL DEVICES OR BATTERIES” BEFORE CONTINUING”.
Smoking and burning usually occur when a lithium-ion battery overheats, and enters uncontrollable thermal runaway. The temperature is intense, and can cause severe burns. DO NOT touch the battery or device with your hands if it is smoking or burning.
However, if the battery or device is merely overheating, you may be able to pick it up safely with a pair of long tongs, and take it outside. Drop the lithium-ion battery into a bucket of cold water to prevent thermal runaway, or leave it in a open space away from anything else that could catch alight.
A lithium-ion battery chemical reaction can become violent, as it shoots out toxic vapors, flames, and even bits of hot metal. Do not attempt to do anything if it reaches this phase! Evacuate the area, and call the fire brigade or emergency number immediately for assistance.
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