Researchers in Germany and Singapore have been investigating the relationship between operating temperature and battery efficiency. Their findings have a bearing on performance, safety, and the aging rate of lithium-ion batteries. However they caution, “the comprehensive effects of temperature on the cyclic aging rate of LiB have yet to be found.”
The Research Methodology the Scientists Followed
The scientists measured lithium-cobalt-oxide battery degradation during recycling within a temperature range of 25 °C to 55 °C (77 °F to 131 °F).
In the first instance, they report the greatest effect was to the electrodes, and in particular to the lithium-cobalt-oxide cathode.
Secondly, they note “formation and modification of surface films on the electrodes, and structural / phase changes of the electrode.” The graph shows how degradation increases as the temperature goes up from 25 °C to 55 °C
Green Technology and the Aging Rate of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries are a primary storage medium of green energy. Thus they underpin the entire global initiative. The researchers conclude that effective temperature control is essential to retard the aging rate of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, we believe this to be especially relevant to large solar arrays in hot, deserted places.
What This Means in Practical Terms for Consumers
We have known for some time that batteries have a temperature ‘cushion of comfort’ within which they work best.
Chemical reaction rates decrease as temperature falls, under the Arrhenius Law described at this link.
This can result in irreversible battery capacity loss. Correspondingly, high temperature speeds up the chemical reaction. In turn, this increases the possibility of battery destruction during thermal runaway.
For the above reasons we recommend operating your device at ambient temperatures you find comfortable. This should ensure the lowest possible aging rate of lithium-ion batteries. You should also find this more pleasant than standing in the baking sun, or making a phone call from the freezer.
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