There’s a distinct difference between priming batteries and topping them up. All batteries bleed some of their power when not in use, due to the phenomenon of self-discharge. In fact, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries do this at a rate of 2% to 3% a month. However, this does not mean we need to prime new lithium batteries before we use them.
Prime Versus Top Up New Lithium Batteries
Some new batteries, including nickel and lead acid need to complete several charging / discharging cycles to top out. This is not the case with lithium ion though. Although Battery University suggests batteries coming out of long storage benefit from several cycles at a comfortable ambient temperature per the manufacturer’s guidelines.
The Need to Periodically Recycle Lithium Batteries
Devices containing lithium batteries may stand idle for a while. However, their batteries remain active in the sense they gradually shed their power through the phenomenon of self-discharging. We can repair this through periodic recharges.
The Lithium Solid Electrolyte Interphase
There is no need to prime new lithium batteries, as we previously mentioned. However, we do need to ‘maintain them’ during their lifetime, and this comes down to discharging and recharging them within their limits. Science Direct explains how this involves understanding the SEI Passivation Layer.
- A solid electrolyte interphase layer forms on the anode surface during first battery use.
- This ‘fundamentally decomposes’ the electrolyte restricting its ability to manage ions.
- The impedance, reactance, and resistance of the battery increases to optimum level.
- The second charge of the new battery stabilizes it, and prevents further electrolyte decomposition.
A lithium battery cannot function optimally without appropriate levels of impedance, reactance, and resistance. Scientists do not understand this process fully. However, there is some evidence regular recycling within upper and lower limits promotes battery health.
More Information
Why Should I Prime a New Battery?
Phenomenon of Battery Self-Discharge
Preview Image: Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer
